Wednesday, April 23, 2014

UGA Ecology Professor Gives Annual Climate Change Lecture


 Emmeline Hale
Speech Story
4/24/14
"You will never see any of these again because they're now extinct," said Dr. James W. Porter as he passed around display cases of butterflies in his annual climate change lecture on April 23. 
Dr. Porter, a Josiah Meigs distinguished ecology professor at the University of Georgia, had a lecture hall at the Miller Learning Center full of faculty and students infatuated with his recent discoveries for the full 90 minutes.
Dr. Porter grabbed the audience's attention from the start.
“Nothing you’re going to see tonight I’ve shown to anybody before. This is going to be off the wall!” 
The display of butterflies Porter passed around was from a trip to California after college that made him realize he wanted to dedicate his life to ecology. 
Forty years ago, these species were alive and thriving, but now there is not a live one to be found.  If trends continue in the next 20 years, the well-known and beloved monarch butterfly will likely be extinct as well. 
Ecosystems in the earth are suffering due to humans destroying them, leading to the population bomb, decline of species and pollination crisis.
“Pollination’s value is often ignored, but it shouldn’t be.”
Seventy-five percent of flowering plants require pollination and one-third of all bites of human food rely on pollination services. 
The pollinators of the plants that produce nuts, veggies, fruits and seeds are partaking in free labor that produces natural food worth nearly half a trillion dollars.
“We are more and more dependent on the natural world we are so good at beating up,” Porter said.
So what happens to that money and everything humans depend on when the pollinators become extinct like the butterflies?
Honeybees are known for taking over the pollination of gardens during the annual spring season, but in recent years they have become harder to find. This year, the frightening low bee count has been compared to a natural disaster caused by pesticides.
Contrary to most people’s beliefs, “Wild insects pollinate fifty-percent of all crops; more efficient than bees. Bees are actually the least efficient of all pollinator groups.”
Now more than 50 other pollinators in addition to honey bees are threatened as well, including the most important pollinator out there – the moth.
“The natural history of your backyard is a special thing,” said Porter, who has collected and studied moths in his backyard for almost two years.
                By turning on a light, observing their habits and catching the moths, Porter has experienced their strong sense of color, internal reference system and flight patterns first-hand.
                According to Porter, their ability to detect motion is incredibly distinct, causing them to "jam" with the ultrasonic sounds of monitors instead of just hearing them and choosing not to respond.
             “Moths have us beat. They’re miracles!” 
Even with their incredible senses, the survival of the moth species is unsteady with the current unsettling trends of the world.
The temperature is increasing to closely match global warming predictions, proving anthropogenic climate change. Because insect emergence is determined by temperature and the seasons are getting warmer, the pollinators such as bees and moths are emerging earlier.
Porter stressed the importance of the decline in biodiversity everywhere in the northern developed nations, and especially in Athens.
“I’ve seen data at UGA. Right here!"
As of now, there is nothing humans can do to change the angle of the sun and the earth’s rotation around it, but ninety-nine percent of all climate scientists believe humans are to blame.
Global warming, decline in pollinator species, changing of the seasons and the growing dependence humans have on the declining natural world are issues that everyone in the world should be worried about.
Porter presented a fictitious, but simple fix in plants were humans. “We need to send every plant to college to teach them how to set their clocks back for pollinator services.”

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